The origins of the Amazigh Tuareg according to genetics and history
The Tuareg are the Amazigh nation that inhabits the Sahara Desert, in southern Algeria, Azawad, northern Mali, northern Niger, southwestern Libya, and northern Burkina Faso.
The Tuaregs are Sunni Maliki Muslims, and they speak the Amazigh Tariq language with its three dialects: Tamajq, Tamasheq, and Tamahq. Racially, the Tuareg can be described as a white race with a tendency towards brownness. The Tuareg lived an ancient life in the Sahara desert for thousands of years, and the Tuareg still cling to their Amazigh language and culture in the face of the systematic Arabization and marginalization they suffered from the countries that divided their lands. The Tuareg were known by many names in successive historical stages. In prehistoric times they were known as the Garmentians. In the early Islamic era they were known as the Masked People, then the Almoravids, and finally in the modern era they were known as the Tuareg
Origin of the name Touareg:
For your information, the origin of the name Tuareg, and its singular word is Tariqi or Tarqa, which is related to Targa or Targa, which in Amazigh means land rich in water or water course.
The Kuwarig do not call themselves by this name, but what is common among them is the name Kaltamashq, Kaltamahq, and Kaltamajq according to the region and the nature of the pronunciation, from Mali to Niger to Algeria.
The reason they are called Tuareg
The Tuareg do not call themselves by this name, as Professor Muhammad Ahmed Al-Shafi’ says in a subtitle in his research on the Tuareg: How do these people call themselves? ((This people call themselves (Kaltamajq) as the Tuareg pronounce it in Niger, or (Kaltamashq) as they pronounce it in Mali. Or (Kaltamahq) as they pronounce it in Libya and Algeria. The difference is the pronunciation of the penultimate letter of this word. If we analyze the word, we find that it consists of two parts:
All: the people of any companions
Tamasheq means the Tariq language
This means that the Tuareg define themselves as people and owners of the Tuareg language
As for the name Tarqi, Tarqi, or Tarji, it is related to Tarja, which means the land rich in water sources. It is the Fezzan oasis region, which used to contain the largest groundwater reserve in the Sahara Desert since ancient times, and it still is so today.
Muhammad Ahmad Shafi’: Articles on the Tuareg, manuscript of the author’s library, page 7
Ibrahim Al-Koni: A statement in the language of theology. The mystery of the Tuareg reveals the mystery of the Pharaohs and Sumer. Homelands of the Lords, Part 1, pages 10 and 11.
The Tuareg Amazighs are the descendants of the Almoravids who spread Islam in Sub-Saharan and Central Africa, most of whom are from Sanhaja.
Sanhaja is an Amazigh tribe to which the Tuareg are affiliated. This is what Al-Mark Ibn Haldun mentioned in his book Lessons, Part Six.
The most famous of their tribes are Masoufa, Qadalah, Lamthuna... and others. As for Haqar, they are from the wombs of Hawara. They formed many states, such as the state of the Beni Ziri and the Almoravids, nicknamed the Masked Ones, and among their most famous queens was Tinhinan, and among their most famous kings was Al-Mu’izz ibn Badis Al-Sanhaji, Ibn Tashfin, and other Amazigh heroes.
Division of the occupation of the land of the Amazigh-Tuareg
As shown in the previous map, which indicates the distribution of the Tuareg among several countries, this occurred after the end of World War II. France granted independence to all its colonies in Africa and divided the Imohag region into several parts between Algeria, Libya, Niger, and Mali, in addition to Burkina Faso, and recommended France, those colonies, destroyed the Imohag people and exterminated them in a cold genocide without the world paying attention to their suffering.
Are the Tuareg another race different from the rest of the Berbers of North Africa?
There is a funny myth promoted by some false Arab nationalists with everything related to the Amazigh identity, which is that the Tuareg are originally from Yemen and came to North Africa by land after the collapse of the Ma’rib Dam.
As an example of the books of forged Arab nationalists, The Book of Tuareg Arabs of the Sahara is the title of a book in which its author, one of the arms of Arabization in Libya, claimed that the origins of the Tuareg are Unfortunately, the Great Desert is Arab, as soon as it is viewed
This book, as an example, is merely a constructive article. It does not contain any evidence to prove that, nor does it provide anything convincing or documented with evidence. However, the author of the book received honor from Gaddafi, who is considered the protector of the Arabization project in Libya. Politics intervened and played a major role in drawing the title of this book. For the purpose of obliterating the identity of an ancient people from existence, there are also those who present them as Negroes from Sub-Saharan (to prove the identity of I don't understand their brothers north of Tamazgha.) Taking advantage of the displacement of a huge number of sub-Saharan blacks in recent years, especially their mixing with the Tuareg... There is also a new heresy (they tried it in Mauritania as well), which is an attempt to divide people according to color, so they incited blacks whose culture is Tuareg to say that they are not Tuareg.
Genetic studies prove the Amazigh identity of the Tuareg
As I explained previously, historically, the Tuareg belong to the Berber Sanhaja tribe. This is what the historian Ibn Khaldun mentioned in his book Lessons, Part Six, and this is also what genetics has proven.
Tuareg Amazighs with dark skin and the EM81 genetic mutation
For your information, most of the men of the Maghreb Sahara are Tuareg, although they have dark skin that varies in intensity from one to another, but most of them carry the Amazigh genetic mutation EM81.
Tuareg Al-Tahhala, Libya 2010 study: Ottoni et al
Mali Tuareg Study 2011: Ottoni et al.
Tuareg Burkina Faso 2011: Pereira et al.
Sources:
Study by Pereira et al. (2010)
Chromosomes and mtDNA of Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987384/
Another link to the same study
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg201021
?Why are the Tuareg predominantly brown in their skin
The brown characteristics found among the Tuareg Amazighs and also among some individuals in the Maghreb, in general, result from the mating of local men with black females through the inheritance of slavery and slavery. Their difference in color and shape does not mean that they are not of patriarchal Amazigh origins.
The reason for the skin of some Tuareg to turn brown is due to mating and mingling with Negro women, hundreds of years ago, which introduced chromosomes or physical genes to them that made their skin tend to be dark, but they are originally Amazighs, just like the inhabitants of the Kabylie region or the Chaouia region in Algeria.
The Tuaregs in general, in terms of physiology or physical characteristics, do not resemble Negroes at all, as the following picture shows.
These are traces of drawings in Tassili N'Ajjer in Algeria, the homeland of the Tuareg for thousands of years. The pictures are old, dating back to ten thousand years BC, of modern shepherds of the white Mediterranean race, which is classified as Paleo-Amazigh, meaning they are the ancestors of the Amazighs. This is another archaeological evidence that confirms that North Africa was the first and oldest to be inhabited by him. White race
Source: Berber Encyclopedia, Part 1
Several ancient pictures have been discovered in the Tassili, dating back more than 8,000 to 10,000 years. It has been shown that the ancient Tassili man was white in color. The following is a picture of white women engraved in the Tassili, showing that they were of white skin.
Source: Tongue of the Amazigh Nation
https://amazighlangue.blogspot.com/2019/07/blog-post_18.html