!The story of the Islam of the Great Maghreb Amazighs.. Facts you may not know
Historical books indicate that Amazigh Islam went through stages and moved from the process of "Islamic conquest", and continued to the era of the Idrisid, Almoravids and Almohads, until it ended with the entry of all Amazighs into Islam, so that "their Islam becomes special and different" from the Islam of other Islamic peoples.
These are some facts that you may not know, as mentioned in the book "Islam of the Amazighs, Another Reading in the History of the Islamization of Morocco from the Sixth to the Twelfth Century" by researcher in contemporary history Muhammad al-Mahdi Alloush.
'invasion' stage
The Arabs settled in the Maghreb in the year 647 AD, and their "invasion" of the Amazighs was marked by two stages, the stage of exploring Greater Tamzgha and collecting spoils, and the stage of stability and "occupation of the land".
In the first stage, the Arab Islamic army stormed African lands, which did not have an official authority to decide on behalf of its inhabitants. stability in the country.
barbaric Arab invasion
After a hiatus of nearly 20 years, the military campaigns resumed towards the Maghreb in the year 665 AD, during which the Muslims achieved great victories over the Byzantines and entered Sousse in Tunisia, then opened new fortresses and annexed Africa to the "countries of Islam", instead of "plundering raids" and did not They find real resistance standing in their way.
The Arabs were keen to build mosques and places of worship, and "strongly called on the Amazighs" to enter Islam, but the Amazighs soon abandoned Islam when the Arab armies withdrew, and then returned to converting to Islam, fearing for their lives and their families.
Islam Aksel
Aksel was the strongest Amazigh figure in the country of Tamzga, as he was the leader of the European tribes (Urban) and the prince of the Sanhaja tribes that controlled the central Maghreb, and the Amazighs took refuge in him and believed in his courage to the extent of reverence.
The invaders were able to persuade Aksel to convert to Islam because of the goodness and righteousness in it for him and his people, so that all of them belonging to the "nation of Muslims" will equate them with the Arabs, as "there is no difference between the Arab and the Amazigh except by piety," and what is happening to Muslims happens to them without discrimination.
And with the Islam of Aksel, "the thorn of the Muslims became strong," led by Abu al-Muhajir Dinar, so they "conquered all of the Amazigh tribes, attacked Carthage, and then conquered Mila," one of the large fortresses located west of Constantine, Algeria.
Aksel was characterized by good manners in his dealings, so he was not killed or provoked by the people of Kairouan. He rushed to defend his people and his land. He did not start fighting. On the contrary, his fighting was a response and defense of his homeland and his people.
Whereas the terrorist Uqbah is a murderer of innocent blood who excelled in conquest and war, to the extent that the horrors of strife that occurred in his time and the people’s preoccupation with it did not distract him from continuing the war and seizing all the wealth that fell into his hands. He did not like Abu al-Muhajir’s policy with the Amazighs, so he preferred to continue the war. asking for booty..
Uqba made a grave mistake by mistreating Kusaila the European and trying to humiliate him after Abu Al-Muhajir had been tutoring and managing him.
Uqba's crimes were referred to by Ibn Abd al-Hakam, a historian of the hadith scholars. Egyptian born and died 871 A.D. in Futuha:
The crime of imposing a tax on the people to sell their children
It is a heresy in Islam, the first to be invented by the Umayyads, and it fell under the leadership of Uqba bin Nafeh and his princess Omar bin Al-Aas, the Umayyads, when they invaded the lands of the Amazighs.
?Have you heard in Islamic law a tribute or a tax paid by human beings from the oppressed free sons
The crime of betrayal of covenants and peacemakers, abuse and mutilation of their bodies
(Uqba bin Nafeh) came and came and opened it, and took their property and cut off his ear and said: Why did you do this to me, when you promised me? Uqbah said: I did this to you out of ?etiquette, and if I touched your ear, I would remember him. Why did you fight the Arabs
The crime of abusing and mutilating the bodies of covenanters and peacemakers is established on Uqbah ibn Nafi’ in the historical references, and in that Ibn al-Hakam says, so he went on to attack the palaces of (Kuwar), so he conquered them until he reached the farthest part of it, and there was its property, so he took it and cut off his finger, so he said: Why did you do this to me? You looked at your finger did not fight the Arabs. And imposed on them three hundred and sixty slaves
Dihya appearance
The Amazigh resistance fighters allied with the Byzantines to "resist the Islamic invasion", after they were left alone in the field in the face of the Arabs. In the meantime, a woman named Dehia appeared, whom the Arabs called the priestess and called her the witch, for her great ability to gather the word of the Amazigh tribes and mobilize them against the Arabs.
She is a "wise" woman who ruled the Aures in Algeria. She descended from the Jarawa tribe of Zanatia. She led the resistance movement and stood firm in the face of the "invaders". Many stories and legends were woven around her, but it is certain that she was able to reorganize the "Amazigh resistance".
Dihya inflicted a crushing defeat on the Arabs, "putting them back on their heels," leaving behind hundreds of dead people and dozens of prisoners, so they withdrew from Africa and sought refuge in Cyrenaica, Libya, where they tried to disperse them, awaiting the arrival of supplies from Damascus to "revenge the Amazigh kingdom."
Who is a Muslim? Is he the one who is called a Muslim by inheritance, even if he attacks and terrorizes those who are safe? ! Or is he a Muslim even if he is not a Muslim by name and inheritance? In the Islamic state, the rule is peace and non-aggression, and war can only be to respond to the aggression in kind (and fight in the cause of God those who fight you, and do not transgress, for God does not love the aggressors). The aggressor state must pay tribute, i.e. a military fine, without occupying its land (Al-Tawbah 29
Does this apply to the barbaric Umayyad invasions? Unfortunately, she wore the dress of Islam and began to open safe countries, killing and displacing its people, taking their wealth and sending it to the caliph and the courtiers, and pens scrambling yesterday and today to defend those invasions and what they committed under the pretext of spreading Islam, and Islam is innocent of them
In fact, those Arab historians who chronicled the Umayyad invasions, especially in North Africa, wanted to praise and be proud of the actions of the Umayyad generals, including Uqba, because with their blind perspective that is not based on the Sharia of Islam, these reprehensible acts that Uqbah carried out, such as killing, captivity, looting, and betrayal of the covenants and Harassment of Muslims is heroism and glories, but the truth is that these (historians of the Arab Umayyad sultan) were recording the crimes of Aqaba and the Umayyad gang from where they do not know
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