Kurdish city of Nodshir
Now known as Mosul in South Kurdistan
1.There is much evidence that the Amorites migrated to the country of Subartu around the year 2000 BC and lived there under the rule of the Subari, then they overcame the indigenous population and took control of the rule of the Kingdom of Assyria, so that region was then known as (Assyria). Professor (Hazem Hagani) says that the Kingdom of Subartu was confined between the Zagreus Mountains on the east side and the Khabur River on the west side, and therefore Subartu was called the Assyrian region. The Amorites settled in this region in the early second millennium BC, when the Amorite tribes migrated from the southwest to the north and penetrated into the Mesopotamian region. This group settled in southern Kurdistan, in the spot extending along the right bank of the Tigris River between Mosul and Shirqat, and this region was known as In the name of Subarto. Thus, the history of the ancestors of the Subari Kurds extends back to ancient times.
2. Dr. Muhammad Bayoumi Mahran also mentions that the Assyrians did not migrate to an empty land, but rather migrated to countries inhabited by other peoples, the best known of which are the Subaris who lived in the region extending from the Tigris River to the Zagreas mountain range.
3. Professor Taha Baqir also mentions that in the late third millennium BC, a section of the Semitic people migrated from southern Mesopotamia to the country of Subartu (southern Kurdistan) and were influenced by the Subari civilization in terms of language, religion, and worship of the gods, and they borrowed from them religious rituals and the names of some sites. .
4. The ancestors of the Subari Kurds built a city, which they named after their god (A-Usar) or (Asur), and they made it their capital. Mr. Amer Hanna Fattuhi mentions that the Subari ruler (Kikkia) built the wall of this city and made it a fortified city. The name of the city (Assur) was changed to (Ashur) during the Assyrian rule, as in the Akkadian writings the letter (s) in the name (Asur) was changed to the letter (sh), Thus, it was written in the form (Assyria) instead of (Asur), and the Assyrians adopted this name to be the name of their god, their capital, and their state. The Supari king (Ushpia) built a temple for the great Supari god (A-Usar "Asur") on the foundation of an ancient Sumerian temple, in which the goddess (Innana), called (Ishtar) by the Akkadians, was worshiped. This temple was named in the language Subaria (Khorzak-Kurkura Ê- Xurzak- Kurkura).
5. The scholar Muhammad Amin Zaki also mentions that Assyria, until about the year 1100 BC, was composed of several weak states controlled by the ancestors of the Zagrosian Kurds, where the Subaris ruled Assyria for a long period of time. This means that the Amorites ruled Assyria for only about (488) years, while Assyria lived for about (1388) years (2000 - 612 BC). This means that the ancestors of the Subari Kurds founded the Kingdom of Assyria and ruled it for (900) years before the Amorites took over. On ruling in Assyria. From here we see that the Kingdom of Assyria is a Kurdish Subarian kingdom and that the vast majority of Assyrians are Subarians. The ancestors of the Subari Kurds established the Kingdom of Assyria on the land of Kurdistan. At that time, there was no presence of the Amorites in Kurdistan, and the Amorites migrated to southern Kurdistan from the current Syrian desert. Later, they came to southern Kurdistan as immigrants. They settled in Kurdistan and melted into the Kurdish people after the collapse of the Assyrian Empire. In the year 612 BC.
6. The city of Mosul took the name of the benevolent god (Ninewa), who was the god of this city.
7. After the overthrow of the Assyrian Empire by the Medes and Babylonians, the Medes reconstructed (the transit fortress), i.e. (the Mosul Citadel), and housed their soldiers in it and built villages and houses around it in which their farmers and craftsmen from the Kurds, Persians, Lurs, and some Christians lived. The Christian religion did not appear during the period of the Median Empire, as Christianity appeared (550) years after the fall of the Median Empire, and therefore there were no Christians at that time, to live in Mosul. The Mede (Nodshirwan) founded the Mosul Citadel, and therefore the name Mosul became in the days of the Median Empire (Nodshirvan), in reference to the name of its founder, and the first person to give the name Mosul to this city was (Rhubarb Purasf).
8. The Greek leader “Musila” mentioned the presence of the Kurds (Kurdukh) in the Mosul region, and the difficulty of crossing their country, due to their fighting against it, and the infliction of many deaths and injuries to his army. Xenophon did not mention in his book any presence of Arabs, Assyrians and others, with the exception of the Kurds in the Mosul region. And in Iraq, it was mentioned that a Greek army came from the direction of Baghdad and crossed the Greater Zab, a few kilometers from the junction of the Zab and the Tigris River, then headed to the shores of the Tigris, where they found a great city called (Larissa) and close to it was a huge pyramid... Then the Greeks walked from (Larissa) a distance of six farsakhs (about 30 kilometers) In one day, they reached a huge, dilapidated castle near a city called (Musila) (the current city of Mosul), which was inhabited by the Medes.
9. The Italian traveler Marco Polo was among the first and most famous European travelers who toured Asia during the Middle Ages. His tours lasted for 24 years on the Silk Road. He reached China and then Mongolia, where he became close to the Mongolian leader Kublai. Kublai Khan). The story of Polo's journey is told in Il Milione, often called "The Travels of Marco Polo." The Italian traveler Marco Polo, in his aforementioned book, who passed through the city of Mosul in the year 1280 AD, mentions the following: (If one went outside the walls of Mosul, he would find strong-willed tribes living in a state of nomadism and of plundering and herding. They are called Kurds.)
Mehdi Kakaei
Source: websites