The disputed Sahara between Morocco and the Polisario is Amazigh
Arab nationalists often claim that the Sahara, disputed between Morocco and the Polisario, which is supported by Algeria, is Arab land. They also claim that the inhabitants of the Sahara descend from the Arab tribe of Beni Hassan, which settled in the Sahara between the eighth and ninth centuries to escape drought and famine in the Levant. Therefore, they support the establishment of a republic. Arabs in the region because they falsely attribute the traditions of the desert dwellers and their Amazigh cultural heritage to the Levant. While the reality of the desert is far from those claims and allegations.
The desert is vibrant with the culture of the indigenous people of the desert (the Sanhaja and Tuwark Amazigh tribes) that have dominated the desert for centuries and still are. Below are 5 facts that confirm the Amazigh identity of the desert. It proves beyond a doubt that Arabists live unparalleled Arab illusions above an Amazigh desert.
Facts that confirm the amazigh identity of the Sahara:
The first fact: The Amazigh origin of the population:
No one disputes that the Sahara is the homeland of the Sanhaja Berber tribes throughout history, from which Sultan Yusuf bin Tashafin descended. The vast majority of Sahrawi society today consists of Sanhaja and Tuareg amazigh tribes, some of which are Arabized after their conversion to Islam and their contact with the incoming Beni Hassan tribe. Others still speak Amazigh south of Guelmim and Ifni. These facts are confirmed by haplogroup studies that confirm that more than 90% of Sahrawis belong to the North African Amazigh haplogroup E1b1b1b and have no genetic relationship to the inhabitants of the Levant. These Arabized Amazigh
desert tribes still retain their Amazigh names, and Nord is an example. Not limited to: the tribes of Ait Lahcen / Ait Bouhou / Ait Brahim / Tjakent / Izrkien / Majat / Ouled Tidrarine, which is a tribe that inhabits the Boujdour region, and the Taoubalt tribe, which inhabits lands in the Tan Tan region, the Yikot tribe in eastern Tan Tan, in addition to all the tribes whose names begin with a letter such as, Ait Oussi, Ait Moussa Ouali, Ait Yassine, in addition to the tribes and factions whose names indicate their Amazigh lineage, such as Ed Butzoua...
A group of the names of these tribal factions were mentioned in the book “Jami’ al-Mahmat fi Amār al-Ruqaybat” by its author Muhammad Salem bin al-Habib bin Abd al-Hay (manuscript) on page 119, including: Admisat, which is a tribe from the Busbaa tribe, Ait Oknis, which is a tribe from the Amrebit tribe, then Afkhad, which belongs to the tribe. The Rakibat tribe, which is as follows: the people of Baali - the people of Atnakh - the people of Afriyat - the people of Daali - the people of Baba Am - the people of Bala - the people of Dada - the people of Dah - the people of Bey, etc. Therefore, the Arabs have no right to attribute these tribes to the East, otherwise they are living this illusion and falsehood. Historically, the truth is that most of the Sahrawi tribes are Amazigh tribes, some of which are Arabized and others who still speak Amazigh south of Guelmim and Ifni.
The second fact: The origin of the Sahrawi dialect:
The Sahrawis believe that their dialect (Hassaniya) is pure Arabic, according to the false claims of the Arabists, while the truth is according to linguistics. Their dialect is a mixture of Amazigh-Arabic, dominated by the Amazigh phonetic system, and full of Sahrawi Amazigh vocabulary that has no place in the Arabic dictionary. Most of the names of the Hassanis, for example, are composed of letters or are composed of Amazigh words, such as: Ahmed Ould Dada / Mohamed Ould Ali Faal / Mukhtar Ould Hamidoushe / Boukid / Boukshoud / Fatna... These names and others have an Amazigh phenology, inhabited by letters, and composed of words of Amazigh pronunciation such as ( Hamidush/Fatna...or amazigh in origin, such as (Dada/Val/...) and the list is long.
In addition to this, there is a long list of Amazigh verbs and words in the Hassani dialect. We find, but not limited to: Issoukf, Ifren, Ibzak, Idz, Irifi, Isifid, Toltmit, Aganja, Zokni, Tadkalt, Abu Kham, Arkaz, Zemam, Akyud... and the list is long.
Here, we do not deny the existence of Arabic words, but rather we examine the extent of the purity of the Arabic of Beni Hassan, and here the Hassani tongue exposes, without a doubt, the theory of the pure Arabic dialect. Thus, the Amazigh language is rooted in the Hassani tongue, thus putting before the truth and history the falsity of the claims of the pure Arabness of the Hassani dialect.
The third fact: pure Amazigh toponomy:
The Amazigh identity of the Sahara is clearly evident at the level of toponomy. The desert areas as a whole carry purely Amazigh names, because they appeared as a result of the Amazigh human, cultural and linguistic situation prevailing in the Sahara and because they are linked to the Amazigh man who has lived on this land since ancient times, so they depicted vivid images of stability and how he lived.
Based on a careful analysis of the topology of the desert, we conclude that it is purely Amazigh. For example: Akidi: a Amazigh word that means sandy slopes. Tin Dhouf: a compound Amazigh word that means a guarded place. Ker: a Amazigh word that means a steep edge. Wadi Itqi: means valley of mud. Asa: means below something. Ahfa yoke: An Amazigh word that is the name of a desert village between Tarfaya and Tan Tan, meaning the head of the edge. Karakarat: A purely Amazigh word. It is originally composed of two syllables, kar, which means between and karat, which means the books, and many other Amazigh names that there is not enough room to enumerate them all, such as: Tantan / Awsard / Boujdour, which means in Amazigh the place where the desert squirrel (Ajdour) is found in large numbers... etc. We note that Wadi al-Dhahab and Saqia al-Hamra are merely a literal translation of the original Amazigh names, which are: : Asif Werg / Targa Zukagen As mentioned in historical references before it was Arabized, like many other place names, whether in Morocco or Algeria.
Fourth fact: The traditions of the population are purely Amazigh:
It relates to the customs and traditions of the so-called Hassani desert community. Most of these traditions, customs, and forms of clothing have nothing to do with the customs and traditions of the Arabs in the Levant, but rather are Amazigh in origin and are at the core of the culture of the Amazigh Tuareg inhabitants of the desert, which they still preserve to this day. Wedding traditions, for example, among the Hassanis in the Sahara, Mauritania, northern Mali, and Niger, are purely Amazigh traditions derived mainly from the traditions of the Amazigh Touareg tribes (Imajgin), the original inhabitants of the Sahara and its masters. The duration of the Sahrawi wedding is seven days for a virgin girl and two or three days for other cases. These customs are from the core of the Tuareg- Amazigh customs and have no trace in the East. We also find that the style of desert music and dances is merely a copy of the Tuareg Amazigh music and dances, especially the one called (Akul), which is an Amazigh word found among the Tuareg, while we find no trace of the style of desert dance and music in the Arabian Peninsula. With the exception of poems and songs recited in the Hassani dialect, most of the Sahrawi customs and traditions and their traditional costumes... will not find a source in the East, but rather they are from the core of the culture and traditions of the Amazighs of the Sahara Tuareg (Imohag). In summary, all linguistic, historical and cultural evidence proves the Amazigh identity of the Sahara Therefore, the Arabs are living delusions and pipe dreams above the Amazigh desert.
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