The confrontation between Gilgamesh and Ishtar
It must be admitted that Gilgamesh was somewhat tactless when he rejected Ishtar's offer
He threw the list in her face, which made her angry
Heaven sent a bull, which drank all the river water and thus caused a drought. (Since she was a fertility goddess, this was normal for her.)
He frustrated her by building irrigation canals, and then she really blew the whole thing up; Where she killed his good friend, Enkidu.
Ishtar defeated Gilgamesh in this way; He spent the rest of his life searching for immortality. And since he was only 2/3 God, I think he should have done it as soon as he swallowed his pride, and sent her a big, beautiful bouquet of flowers, with a long, tear-stained note saying he wasn't good enough for her.
Of course, if he had done so, the Epic of Gilgamesh would not have become the beautiful story that still moves powerful men and women to tears six thousand years later.
The big moral lesson that Gilgamesh learns in The Epic of Gilgamesh is to be a kinder, better, and wiser king. Instead of running away to fight monsters and seeking immortality, the saga says that the key to living a more meaningful life is to be the best version of yourself to the people around you, and to accept your limitations.
There are many other moral lessons that can be drawn from the epic. One of them is undoubtedly that immortality (as Gilgamesh desires) is impossible to achieve. Because it was Enkidu's death and Gilgamesh's fear for his own death that prompted his quest, the real moral lesson here is to accept the fact that death is coming, and, if possible, not to fear it.
The power of friendship is also a big theme in the Epic of Gilgamesh. Enkidu is the catalyst for change within Gilgamesh's character. Before his arrival, Gilgamesh was essentially alone. He is the king of Uruk and has no one to match him physically. But when Enkidu arrived, the two became friends and Gilgamesh learned to care for someone other than himself.
Although Gilgamesh and Enkidu defeated the Bull of Ishtar, the epic teaches us that it is wrong and reckless to try to overthrow and oppose the gods.
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