?What is stuttering disorder and does it have a psychological aspect
Nobody pronounces perfect all the time. In fact, we all have problems with our speech. For people who stutter or stutter, this disorder is more severe. For some, the disorder resolves in childhood, and for others, it continues throughout adulthood.
On the other hand, researchers believe that stuttering is caused by a combination of factors, including genetic factors, language development, human environment, as well as brain structure and function. Together, these factors can affect a person's pronunciation.
Stuttering and language development
Stuttering often begins between the ages of two and eight, when children's language abilities are expanding rapidly. Many children who stutter may know exactly what they want to say, but their motor pathways are not quite ready to get the words out. When children make longer and more complex sentences, their brains work harder. This can affect the motor control necessary to produce speech. When the motor pathways can't keep up with the language cues, that's where the stuttering problem lies.
Stuttering and genetic factors
Family history of stuttering shows that this disorder runs in families due to genetic factors. Children who stutter often have relatives who stutter. Identical twins who share the same genes have more similar patterns of stuttering than fraternal twins. It is also known that stuttering affects males more than females and females are less likely to continue to stutter into adulthood.
Stuttering and environmental factors
When a child becomes aware of their stuttering problem, negative feelings related to this may increase stress and further affect their ability to communicate with others. This may make negative emotions an additional cognitive burden for children who stutter during a critical period of language development.
Stuttering and brain structure and function
While no single factor determines the cause of stuttering, mainstream studies suggest that a combination of genes, language development, and environment can influence the brain activity of people who stutter. Areas of the brain responsible for language may look and function differently in people who stutter. Findings from brain imaging studies indicate that there is more activity in the right hemisphere in adults who stutter, with less activity in areas of the left hemisphere normally responsible for speech production. Some people who stutter have more difficulty processing auditory information and slower reaction times on sensorimotor tasks. In general, research has shown that pathways in the brain responsible for language look and function differently when stuttering occurs.
?Is it possible that stuttering has a psychological aspect
Stuttering has both biological and psychological causes. Children who stutter are predisposed to poor speech fluency. Other factors such as environmental stress, emotional trauma, listener reactions, and anticipatory anxiety play an important role in the development of stuttering. Over the years, researchers have collected many facts about how stuttering develops, which shed light on its physiological and psychological nature.
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