The oldest civilization in the world is the Mesopotamian civilization
Historians have differed in determining the oldest civilization on the face of the Earth, but the majority recently agreed on the oldest civilization in the world, which is the Mesopotamian civilization and the Sumerian civilization. I learned about that civilization by finding fragments of clay tablets written in cuneiform. The Sumerians were known in the sixth millennium BC and established their civilization in the second half of the fourth millennium BC. The Sumerians formed some ancient cities. They invented cuneiform inscription on clay tablets, and cuneiform was the good writing they had for communicating with others. Some monuments remain that indicate the development and prosperity of this civilization, which are:
King Hammurabi’s legislation, which is considered the oldest law known to mankind and consists of 282 articles.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Ziggurat (which are temples and astronomical observatories)
The factors that help the establishment of civilization are:
The abundance of fertile lands located on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
The revival of agriculture and knowledge of the most famous agricultural regulations.
The extension of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers attracted people and settled there.
Source: websites