?What do you know about the country of Portugal, the country to which Cristiano Ronaldo belongs
Location and geography:Portugal is located in southwestern Europe, on the western coast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered to the north and east by Spain, and to the south and west by the Atlantic Ocean. Portugal also includes two archipelagos in the Atlantic Ocean: the Azores and Madeira.
The country's area is about 92,212 square kilometers
Terrain and climate:Portugal is characterized by its diverse terrain, with mountains in the north, such as the Serra da Estrela, which contains the highest peak on the mainland, and vast plains in the south. The west coast of Portugal is characterized by its sandy beaches and rocky cliffs. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters.
Nature and environment:Portugal has a rich and diverse nature, including dense forests in the north and center, and green plains in the south. Peneda-Gerês National Park is considered one of the country's most important nature reserves, providing a habitat for a variety of wildlife and plants.
Demographic and social information
Population:Portugal has a population of about 10 million people. The majority of the population is Portuguese, but there are also immigrant communities from countries such as Brazil, Angola and Cape Verde.
Language:The official language is Portuguese, which is the most spoken language in the country. It is also considered the second most spoken language in the Southern Hemisphere thanks to its Portuguese colonial heritage.
Religion:Catholicism is the dominant religion, and most Portuguese consider themselves Catholics. However, there is religious freedom and the presence of other religious communities.
Culture:Portuguese culture is rich and diverse, famous for fado (a type of traditional sad music), folk dances, and annual festivals. Portuguese literature has a long and famous history, with figures such as Fernando Pessoa and José Saramago.
Economic information
Gross Domestic Product:Portugal's economy is diverse and includes a range of sectors, such as agriculture, industry and services. GDP is estimated at approximately $237 billion.
Industry and agriculture:Portugal is known for its wine production, especially Port. Agriculture also includes the cultivation of olives, fruits and citrus. The manufacturing sector includes the manufacture of clothing, shoes, furniture and machinery.
Services and tourism:Services are the most important sector of the Portuguese economy, with tourism playing a large role. Cities like Lisbon and Porto attract millions of tourists every year thanks to their ancient history and vibrant culture.
Political information
Government system:Portugal is a parliamentary democratic republic. The President of the Republic is the supreme head of state and is directly elected by the people for a five-year term. The Prime Minister, appointed by the President, is the head of government.
Parliament:The Portuguese Parliament is the National Assembly and consists of a unicameral body of 230 members who are elected every four years.
Political parties:The main political parties include the Socialist Party (PS), the Party of Social Democracy (PSD), the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), and others.
Historical information
Ancient and medieval history:Portugal's origins go back to ancient times, when it was part of the Roman Empire. In the Middle Ages, Portugal became an independent kingdom in the 12th century after it was freed from Islamic rule.
The Golden Age and Colonialism:In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal became one of the great maritime powers, led by explorers such as Vasco da Gama. She established a vast empire that included regions in Africa, Asia, and South America, such as Brazil, Mozambique, and Angola.
Twentieth century:In the twentieth century, Portugal experienced a dictatorship under the leadership of António de Oliveira Salazar. This rule ended in 1974 after the peaceful Carnation Revolution led to the establishment of democracy.
Modern era:Since joining the European Union in 1986, Portugal has witnessed major economic and social transformations. Portugal became a member of the Eurozone in 1999. Today, Portugal is a stable democracy and an active member of the international community.
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